
Golesan Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the north-east of the country south of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is GorÂgan. Golestan was split off from the province of Mazandaran in 1997. It has a population of 1.7 million (2011) and an area of 20,380 km².
Golestan derives its name from a wider region known historically as Gorgan, Middle Persian Gurgn, and Old Persian Varkana ( in the BeÂhistun Inscription) meaning “land of wolvesâ€. Until these days, wild wolves are still found in Golestan.
Human settlements in this area date back to 10 000 BCE. Evidence of the ancient city of Jorjan can still be seen near the current city of Gonbad-e Kavus. It was an imporÂtant city of Persia located on the Silk Road.
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